How Saurashtra's Culture Differed from Rest of Gujarat
Every region in Gujarat has its unique characteristics that set it apart from the rest. Saurashtra, with its distinct culture, hospitality, and traditions, is a treasured gem in Gujarat’s anthology of diversity. The people of Saurashtra are renowned for their warm and loving nature, often compared to the hospitality of Punjab. Inviting visitors to tea and fostering a sense of community are quintessential aspects of their way of life. However, it is not without its challenges, as traditional values and a certain orthodoxy can be barriers to those who are more open-minded.
Though Saurashtra was once a separate state until the 1960s, it is now part of Gujarat. The region has a different linguistic, cultural, and food heritage, showcasing a unique blend of influences. Despite these differences, the people of Saurashtra are very proud to be Gujaratis.
The Historical Context of Saurashtra
Historically, Saurashtra, also known as Kathiawad, is a peninsula in India surrounded by the Arabian Sea. It was a distinct state until the 1960s, and after the separation of Maharashtra and Gujarat from Mahagujarat, Saurashtra merged with Gujarat. The language, cuisine, and lifestyle of Saurashtra have their own unique flavors, distinguishing them from their fellow Gujaratis.
Early Inhabitants and Cultural Influence
The early inhabitants of Saurashtra were Indigenous Koli and Kunbi people. In the early 11th century, various Kshatriya clans, including the Kathi Rajputs from Rajasthan and Sindh, settled there. They were accompanied by other groups such as Ahirs, Mers, and Bharwads, and the Charans, who migrated from the north and northwest. The Jadejas, a Rajput branch originating from Sindh, also arrived, bringing with them the influence of the Sindhi language, which can be observed in the Kutchi language today. This rich blend of cultural influences has left a mark on the language and customs of Kathiawar.
Cultural Differences and Traditions
The culture of Kathiawar is different from that of Gujarat in certain aspects, even though they share many customs and traditions. For instance, the practice of celebrating Randhal Maa, though it does not exist outside Bhavnagar, is a unique tradition in this region. This underscores the distinct cultural heritage of Kathiawar. The emphasis placed on the phrase 'Atithi Devo Bhavah' (the guest is like a god) is quite pronounced in this region, as evidenced by the local couplet:
“Amara Kathiawad ma ko’k di’ bhulo pad bhagwan tu tha amaro mehman tara eva karu sanman key taney Swarag bhulavu Shamla.” O Almighty become lost somewhere in our region Kathiawar someday we will respect you so much that you’ll forget your abode.
This reflects the deeply rooted belief in treating guests with utmost respect and affection.
Moreover, the princely states in Saurashtra contributed significantly to its traditions, which are more orthodox compared to the rest of Gujarat. The various clans and communities that settled in Kathiawar brought with them their cultural practices, attire, and social norms, which have endured over the centuries.
Understanding the culture of Saurashtra, and its differences from the rest of Gujarat, provides a deeper appreciation for the rich tapestry of Gujarat’s heritage. It is a region where tradition, unique customs, and a loving spirit coexist, setting it apart in the hearts of its people and visitors alike.