Exploring Mead: A Sweet Alternative to Beer and Wine
Mead, often referred to as honey wine, is a fascinating and ancient alcoholic beverage. Its origins date back thousands of years, and it continues to captivate taste buds with its unique flavor profile. This article delves into the history, characteristics, and taste comparisons of mead, providing a comprehensive overview for both novice and experienced readers.
The Origins and Evolution of Mead
According to Graham and Sue Edwards in their Dictionary of Drink (1998), mead is not only the oldest known drink, but also the oldest alcoholic beverage. The text notes that mead was present long before its common roman name, Hydromel, which translates to 'honey water.' Ancient mead recipes often included herbs, and specific varieties such as Melomel can be made with added fruits.
The Welsh term for mead was Metheglin. According to Dorothy Hartley's Food in England (1954), one of the earliest mead recipes involved boiling a pint of honey into a gallon of water, to which a handful of mixed herbs, such as rosemary, sweet briar, and lemon balm, were added. After cooling, a slice of toasted bread, covered with the finest yeast available, was floated on top.
How Mead is Made
Mead is made by fermenting honey, sometimes with the addition of water, different herbs, fruits, or spices. The process starts with the honey, which is traditionally viewed as a gift to the fermenting yeast. Unlike modern beekeepers who can replace honey with sugar, ancient practices required bees to be fed with honey for the winter. Consequently, mead became more precious and special than beer.
Taste of Mead
Mead's taste is uniquely characterized by its honey flavor, which can be compared to the apple flavor in cider. Many people describe mead as always being good in the same way and bad in the same way, emphasizing its consistent honey essence.
Modern mead makers often infuse their honey wine with spices, fruits, or white wine to create diverse flavor profiles. My friend who runs a winery with an apiary also makes mead, and they have experimented with barrels for aging, which adds a complex layer of flavor to the traditionally sweet and subtle spirit.
The taste of mead, while always having a honey base, can vary widely. Some meads are light and fruity, similar to those made with added pears or berries, while others are richer, barrel-aged, or infused with spices. The fermentation process length and the specific recipe can dramatically impact the final flavor and alcohol content of the mead.
Conclusion
Mead stands as a testament to the ingenuity and creativity of our ancestors. With its unique blend of honey, water, and various flavorings, mead offers a delightful and distinct taste experience. Whether you're a seasoned drinker or just curious, mead provides a tasty alternative to beer and wine, and its rich history makes it a fascinating subject for exploration.